Liver cancer and Liquid Propolis

The most common type of liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The antitumor effects of propolis on liver cancer cells have been investigated in various experimental studies. Treatment of HepG2 cells with propolis minimized the amount of nitric oxide (NO) levels in the cells and greatly reduced the number of HepG2 cells. This increased the overall antioxidant profile of the cells. The survival of HepG2 cells is supported by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adequate levels of ROS trigger cell proliferation and differentiation. The study also supported the reduction of NO resulting from propolis treatment. Thus, the decreased ROS and increased antioxidant activity inhibit cancer cell proliferation and reduce the number of HepG2 cells. Abdel Aziz et al. investigated the effects of propolis on HepG2 cell lines. The report showed that it exhibited cytotoxic, antimetastatic and antiangiogenic effects on HepG2 cells based on different concentrations.