It is seen as a result of nutrition, indigestion and excessive alcohol consumption, sometimes as a result of blockage of the bile ducts. The patient's abdomen accumulates water, ankles swell, appetite decreases and sometimes vomits.
Cirrhosis is the name given to the condition in which scar tissue replaces normal liver cells, and this causes a decrease in all liver functions. In advanced patients, the damage is so severe that the only cure is a liver transplant. Cirrhosis is the eighth leading cause of death in the United States, killing 25,000 people each year. It also causes thousands of people to gradually lose the ability of their livers to perform normal functions.
Cirrhosis has many causes. In the United States and Europe, the most common causes are excessive alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
Alcoholic cirrhosis occurs after 10 or more years of excessive alcohol consumption. However, cirrhosis is also possible in social drinkers (people who consume alcohol at social events (such as meetings, entertainment). Alcohol has a toxic effect on liver cells. It is not known why some people are more resistant to the harmful effects of alcohol, but women are more likely to develop alcoholic cirrhosis even though they drink less alcohol than men.
Chronic hepatitis C infection causes inflammation in liver cells and can eventually lead to cirrhosis. One in every five people with chronic hepatitis C develops cirrhosis after 20 years. Chronic hepatitis B causes similar liver damage and is the most common cause of cirrhosis in the world. Hepatitis D is only seen in patients with hepatitis B.
Less common causes of cirrhosis include autoimmune diseases affecting the liver cells or bile ducts, severe side effects from medications, long-term exposure to environmental toxins, bacteria and parasites commonly found in tropical regions, and episodes of heart failure with liver congestion (fluid accumulation). Another cause is nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which causes fatty liver and subsequent scarring.
Some rare hereditary diseases can also cause cirrhosis. These diseases include hemochromatosis (excessive iron accumulation in the liver and other organs), Wilson's disease (abnormal copper storage), and alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (deficiency of a specific enzyme in the liver).
In the early stages, there are usually no complaints. However, as liver cells die, the organ begins to produce less of the proteins that regulate fluid retention and blood clotting, and its ability to process bilirubin is lost. The signs and symptoms that occur as a result of these are:
- weakness
– loss of appetite
– nausea and vomiting
– weakness
– weight loss
– fluid accumulation in the legs and abdomen
– increased bleeding and bruising
– jaundice, yellowing of the skin and eyes
– itching
As the damage increases, the liver becomes less able to clean the blood and is less able to process many drugs, thus increasing the effectiveness of the drugs. Increased toxic (poisonous) substances accumulate especially in the brain. Symptoms that develop due to these:
– increased sensitivity to drugs
– personality and behavioral changes, including confusion, blank stares, forgetfulness, inability to concentrate or sleep disorders,
– loss of consciousness
– coma
The formation of scar tissue also affects blood flow and increases the pressure in the hepatic vein; this condition is called portal hypertension. Blood vessels in the stomach and esophagus dilate and the body creates new vessels in these areas to try to pass blood without passing through the liver. These vessels are called varicose veins and have thinner walls. If any of these are damaged, bleeding can result in death within hours. If you start vomiting blood, go to the emergency room immediately.
Diagnosis
Your doctor will perform a routine history and physical exam. Your doctor may order various blood tests to evaluate liver function. The liver may be imaged with a CT scan, ultrasound, or radioisotope. A biopsy may be performed to confirm a diagnosis of cirrhosis.
Cirrhosis is a progressive disease that cannot be reversed or cured. However, the damage and symptoms that occur can be stopped or slowed down with treatment.
Sirozdan korunmak için yapılacak en iyi şey aşırı alkol tüketiminden uzak durmaktır. Eğer karaciğerle ilgili herhangi bir probleminiz varsa alkolden tamamen uzak durmanız gerekir. Ayrıca Hepatit B ve C den korunmak, uyuşturucu kullanmamak, güvensiz seksten ve çok eşlilikten kaçınmak korunmada alınacak önlemler arasında sayılabilir. Dövme vs yaptıracaksanız kullanılan aletlerin steril olduğundan emin olun. Sağlık personeli iseniz hastaların kan örneklerine maruz kalabileceğinizi unutmayın ve bu konuda dikkatli olun. Hepatit-B aşısı olun, 3 doz yapılan aşı %90 koruma sağlar.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the cause and stage of cirrhosis. Since liver damage is irreversible, the goal of treatment is to stop the progression of the disease and prevent further complications.
Regardless of the cause, all patients with cirrhosis should avoid alcohol and monitor their use of medications that may affect the liver (such as acetaminophen). Treatment protocols may vary because the underlying disease will also be treated.
The focus of treatment is usually on complications. A low-salt diet or diuretic medication may be recommended to prevent fluid retention. Laxatives (which increase and facilitate stool) may be used to rapidly remove toxic substances from the body. Treatment may be given for itching and infections. Again, treatment may be arranged for portal hypertension.
Bleeding varicose veins can be treated in a variety of ways. These include tying off the vein, compressing it with a balloon, or sclerotherapy. Sclerotherapy involves injecting a chemical into the vein and drying it out. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creates a new, artificial pathway for blood and relieves blood pressure in the varicose veins.
Eğer karaciğer hasarı ileri derecede ise tek tedavi yöntemi karaciğer naklidir. Nakil yapılan hastaların %80-90 ı yaşamaktadır, ve bağışıklık sistemini ibaskılayan siklosporin gibi ilaçlar sayesinde yeni karaciğer bağışıklık sisteminin saldırılarından korunmakta ve yaşam süreleri uzamaktadır.
The outcome is extremely successful in patients who can be diagnosed at an early stage. Most of these patients live a normal life for many years. However, the outcome is not good in alcoholic cirrhosis patients who do not stop drinking alcohol and in advanced patients. Death occurs in these patients as a result of bleeding or loss of brain function. The risk of infection and kidney failure is increased in patients with cirrhosis.
1. recipe
Artichoke, cabbage, apricot, apple, carrot, grape, date, honey, plum, pear,
parsley, celery are added
2. recipe
Chicory, wolf's claw, sage, couch grass, rosemary, St. John's wort, yarrow,
chamomile, lemon balm, mint, dock leaf, goldenrod herb, thyme, lavender, peppermint, black pepper
grass and mistletoe.
3. recipe
100 gr. turmeric
100 gr. pollen
100 gr. royal jelly
100 gr. anise
1 kg. honey
Mix 500 gr. molasses with onion molasses and eat 1 tablespoon of it on an empty stomach for 3 meals.
4. recipe
100 gr. pollen
30 gr. pure royal jelly
50 gr. fennel
50 gr. anise
It is mixed with 1 kg of honey and consumed as a paste.
