The body's primary source of energy is a type of sugar called glucose. The nutrients consumed are converted into glucose in the body and used. In order for cells to obtain energy from glucose, a hormone called insulin must be secreted from the pancreas. Glucose cannot enter the cells without insulin. If the body cannot produce insulin or if the cells are not affected by the existing insulin, the sugar in the blood cannot enter the cells, that is, cannot be used, and its level in the blood increases. This condition is called diabetes or sugar disease. A blood sugar level of over 126 mg/dl measured on an empty stomach is considered diabetes.
In type 1 diabetes, which usually occurs before the age of 25, there is not enough insulin in the body.
cannot be produced. Therefore, patients with type 1 diabetes need to regulate their blood sugar levels.
These patients usually need to use insulin continuously to
They lose weight despite eating a lot. In this type of diabetes, blood sugar control
It is more difficult to control and patients may experience hypoglycemia or low blood sugar levels.
should be closely monitored due to the possibility of hyperglycemia.
Type 2 diabetes occurs later in life (usually after age 45).
In addition to the pancreas not being able to produce enough insulin, body cells
There is also a problem with using insulin.
In other words, even though there is sufficient glucose and insulin in the blood
glucose cannot enter the cells and the cells cannot provide enough energy. These patients
They are treated with oral antidiabetic drugs.
People with type 2 diabetes are often overweight.
3. What are the symptoms of diabetes?
* Excessive water drinking,
* Excessive urination, night urination,
* Frequent hunger, overeating,
* Fatigue, weakness.
4. What Kind of Consequences Can Diabetes Cause?
Glucose is essential for cell life, but its level in the blood should be high for a long time.
If it remains, it causes damage to the inner surfaces of the vessels. The most commonly affected organs are
eyes, heart, nerve tissue and kidneys. The most frightening results are high
blood pressure, kidney failure, visual disturbances and blindness, circulation problems
and sensory and movement disorders due to damage to the nervous system.
the damage that occurs depends on how high the glucose level is and how long it remains high
depends on the length.
This damage, which initially affects small vessels, gradually affects larger vessels.
and ultimately atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), diseases of the heart vessels, myocardial
can cause life-threatening diseases such as infarction (heart attack), stroke (paralysis)
Sudden death due to heart attack is 6 times more common in diabetic patients.
Feeling numbness in the feet due to poor circulation and nerve wear
decrease and wounds may occur. This condition can lead to gangrene, “diabetic
is called “foot”.
The incidence of such dangerous consequences is higher in people with type 2 diabetes.
Therefore, in addition to blood glucose control in Type 2 diabetics, blood lipids
It is very important to keep cholesterol and blood pressure at normal levels.
It is much easier to prevent the consequences of diabetes than to fight them.
5. What are the symptoms that indicate that complications will develop?
* Blurred vision,
* Extreme fatigue,
* Numbness or tingling in the hands or feet,
* Chest pain,
* Frequent infection or failure of wounds to heal,
* Persistent headache
6. What needs to be done?
It is very important to strictly follow the treatment and recommendations in diabetes, but
The second piece of information, which is at least as important, is that this lifestyle lasts a lifetime.
It is necessary to continue. Unfortunately, diabetes can be fully cured,
In other words, it is not an illness that will pass or disappear from your life.
Living with diabetes must be learned and recommendations must be followed.
* Developing a diet rich in vegetables, fruits and grains,
* Eating a healthy diet without skipping meals, exercising regularly,
* Getting rid of excess weight,
* Going to regular doctor check-ups,
* Use the recommended treatment regularly under doctor's supervision for life,
* If you keep your blood glucose at normal levels (fasting blood sugar: 70-110 mg/dl),
You can reduce the problems that diabetes may cause.
7. Diabetes and Exercise
Exercise has a very important place in the treatment of both types of diabetes.
Along with proper nutrition and regular medication use, continuous, regular and appropriate
Exercise will protect diabetics from many problems and ensure good blood flow.
will provide sugar control.
8. Why is Exercise Necessary?
* Exercise plays an important role in regulating your blood sugar. During exercise,
Sugar in the blood is used to meet energy needs and your blood sugar
decreases somewhat.
* Exercise also allows the body to use insulin better.
* The leading cause of death in diabetes is cardiovascular disease. Exercise,
development of cardiovascular diseases, which is a very important problem in diabetes
prevents or delays.
* If you are overweight, regular exercise will help you lose weight.
For many people with diabetes in the early stages, just a good diet and
It may be possible to control blood sugar with regular exercise. Also
exercise allows you to take time for yourself, look better and feel better
it will make you feel better.
9. Which Exercise Is Appropriate?
Do not start exercising without consulting your doctor and knowing your blood sugar levels.
It is best to consult your doctor before starting exercise. If you have any other illness
If you have any, it may even be dangerous for you to exercise. Your doctor will examine you.
and in addition to blood sugar determination, some other tests if deemed necessary
According to these, your doctor will recommend which exercise you should do and how often.
and will determine how much you need to do.
Walking is considered the best exercise for people with diabetes.
Walking regularly, at least a few times a week, will be very beneficial for you.
You will determine the duration of this walk together with your doctor. But
not to force yourself from the very first day, to give yourself short and long term
It would be right to follow this program by setting goals. If possible, you should ride a bike.
can also be a good and enjoyable exercise for you.
10. What Should I Pay Attention to Before Exercise?
If your blood sugar is below 70 mg/dl or above 250 mg/dl, you should exercise.
It is not right. If your blood sugar drops too much, immediately eat carbohydrates, but not excessively.
You should eat foods, then you can do some light exercise than usual.
If your blood sugar is 250 mg/dl or above, your blood sugar control
means it is broken, in which case you should consult a doctor immediately.
If your blood sugar level does not drop too much or increase too much, you can start exercising.
You should wear comfortable clothes that will not make you sweat too much, and definitely wear shoes.
It would be good to choose one that is suitable for sports. Before starting the exercise, make sure to wash your feet.
Check it thoroughly. A small crack or wound that you missed during exercise
It can grow and cause you serious problems.
11. What Should I Pay Attention to During Exercise?
The most important thing to pay attention to during exercise is not to push yourself too hard.
If you experience any problems such as extreme fatigue, pain, shortness of breath, palpitations,
Take a break from exercise and inform your doctor.
A serious and important problem you may encounter during exercise is blood sugar.
is low (hypoglycemia).
Symptoms of hypoglycemia include:
* Excessive sweating
* Weakness
* Dizziness
* Mental confusion
* Tremors in hands and feet
* Tendency to sleep
* A feeling of pins and needles at the corners of the mouth
* Palpitations, increased heart rate
If you feel any of these during exercise, stop exercising immediately,
Eat two or three sugar cubes or drink a sugary drink.
If you feel one of these symptoms, your blood sugar level must be below the normal limit.
does not indicate a fall.
But in this case, since you do not have the opportunity to determine your blood sugar urgently, your sugar level is below normal.
It would be right for you to eat something sugary, assuming that it has fallen below. Because sugar
Falling below the acceptable limit is more dangerous than rising above the limit.
Then it would be appropriate to consult your doctor.
12. What Should I Pay Attention to After Exercise?
The symptoms of hypoglycemia mentioned above occur within 12 hours after exercise.
may also occur, you should be careful about these symptoms during this period.
should.
Check your feet carefully after each exercise and make sure there are no wounds, scratches or cracks.
If you see a problem like this, consult a doctor immediately. These small wounds
If they are not taken into consideration, they can turn into permanent and large wounds that can harm you and your doctor for a long time.
they can be time consuming.
13. What Should My Goal Be?
Your goal in exercising is to maintain good blood sugar control, lose weight,
to protect against cardiovascular diseases and ultimately to live healthily with diabetes.
While doing this, setting short and long-term goals for yourself can make your job easier.
If you are a person who lives a sedentary life, you may suddenly find yourself
It would be unfair and unrealistic to expect a walk or a long run.
Impossible.
If you put a plan in front of you that is impossible to realize, you will soon
It is very likely that you will give up on this. Instead, use your own body's possibilities
Make a more sensible plan, taking this into account. Better yet, discuss it with your doctor.
do it together.
For example, if a fast-paced walk tires you in 3-4 minutes and you need to rest
If necessary, your first goal is to achieve a regular exercise program of one month,
Let's say you can walk for 10 minutes without taking a break. While doing this, you should do at least
The day starts slowly and gradually gains speed (of course, never push yourself too hard
You can plan 30-minute walks. It will not force you. It will become more comfortable as you go.
You will be happy to see that you walk less and have to stop and rest less.
and will make you enthusiastic. If you follow a good diet, after a few weeks
You will start to lose your excess weight.
What you need to remember is…
…exercise is only beneficial when it is continuous and regular.
14. Why is foot care so important for people with diabetes?
Foot care is very important for diabetics. Because foot problems in diabetics
It occurs frequently and can quickly reach large sizes if not treated immediately.
Even small cracks and wounds that you ignore can cause serious problems in a short time.
There are two main reasons for this:
In diabetes, blood vessels are damaged. As a result, blood circulation in the feet is impaired.
and even the smallest wound heals much slower and more difficultly than usual.
In diabetes, nerves are also damaged. This leads to loss of sensation in your feet. As a result
a cut or wound that you would normally feel too late, but the wound is large
You can notice it when it reaches a certain size. Damage to the nerves can cause a
It can cause some deformities, some foot problems that are difficult to treat.
ulcers (sores) may appear.
15. Pay attention to your toenails!
Cut your toenails after bathing, while they are soft. Then file them. Cut your nails straight across, do not cut the edges deeper.
16. Protect your feet!
Never walk barefoot at home, in the sea or in the countryside. Be careful not to expose your feet to too much cold or heat. You may not notice that your feet are cold in the winter. Even if you don't feel cold, always wear warm woolen socks. Similarly, prevent your feet from being exposed to very hot water during bathing. Do not use a hot water bottle to warm your feet.
17. Pay attention to shoes and socks!
Wear clean socks every day. Choose cotton or wool socks.
Make sure your shoes are very comfortable and fit your feet. For long walks
Be sure to wear sneakers that are suitable for walking. But high heels
and avoid tight shoes. Do not wear open-toe or open-back shoes.
Towards the evening your feet will swell a little. If you are going to buy new shoes,
Make sure to take it in the afternoon.
If you have bought new shoes, try them on at home and for short distances first.
Carry an old pair of shoes with you until you are sure of their comfort.
Before you put on your shoes or slippers, check if there is any foreign object inside.
check.
18. Calluses, blisters, warts
If you have calluses or hardened skin on your feet, you can cut them off.
Don't get up, you may hurt your foot without realizing it. What you should do
Consult your doctor.
If your foot has caused water-filled blisters to form on your foot, this
Never burst the blisters. Put a little antiseptic medicine (tincture of iodine) on them.
etc. ) place the gauze you will pour. If this bubble bursts on its own
and if there is discharge, contact your doctor immediately.
Warts are a type of infection. If you have a wart on your foot, it needs to be treated before it progresses.
Consult your doctor for further information.
Any color change, stain or itching you notice on your feet.
Tell your doctor immediately
1. recipe
Wormwood, wormwood leaf, blackberry root, eucalyptus leaf, sage,
St. John's Wort, Walnut Leaf, Mulberry Leaf, Lamb's Ear, Myrtle
leaves, thyme herb, barley, horsetail herb, juniper seed, rowan leaf,
golden herb, rosehip, labada, Indian okra flower (hibiscus),
It is blended, boiled and drunk as tea.
2. recipe
Hibiscus (known as Mecca rose) is drunk cold with plenty of lemon.
3. recipe
The Jewish broad bean is crushed and swallowed in powder form, its seeds are softened in water and 10 are eaten in the morning and evening.
4. recipe
100 gr. cinnamon
100 gr. anise
50 gr. coriander
It is mixed with 100 grams of carob flour and drunk as coffee.
5. recipe
100 gr. myrtle leaves
100 gr. Indian okra flower
100 gr. thyme
50 gr black pepper
50 gr. wormwood
It is boiled in small amounts, mixed and drunk.
